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本文应用Σ最小原理和HSAB分类,研究了不同水化学类型水体中主要组分的化学模型;讨论了在不同区域之间这些模型的差异,以及湖泊在不同演化阶段的水化学模型转化;还对水体中微量元素的化学模型作了探讨,对这些元素的优势络合物作了计算。研究结果表明,属于软酸和中间酸的金属离子主要作为Me-Cl存在。最硬的酸(φ_A>2.06)在盐湖中主要形成Me-F络合物;次硬酸(0.64<φ_A<2.06)的主要溶存形态是游离离子。在淡水湖泊中,属于硬酸的元素主要以游离离子存在。
In this paper, Σ minimum principle and HSAB classification are used to study the chemical models of the main components in different hydrated water bodies. The differences of these models between different regions and the transformation of lake water chemistry models in different evolution stages are discussed. The chemical models of trace elements in water are discussed, and the dominant complexes of these elements are calculated. The results show that the metal ions belonging to the soft acid and the intermediate acid are mainly present as Me-Cl. The hardest acid (φ_A> 2.06) mainly formed Me-F complex in salt lake. The main soluble form of secondary hard acid (0.64 <φ_A <2.06) was free ion. In freshwater lakes, elements belonging to the hard acid are mainly present as free ions.