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1994年12月8日,新疆克拉玛依友谊馆发生了一次大火灾,烧死323人(其中学生288人、教师35人),惨重的伤亡使我联想起1976年2月18日(农历正月初一)新疆某农垦团礼堂因一孩子玩烟花,燃着摆放在礼堂的花圈,烧死699人的恶性事件。这两次火灾是国内伤亡人数最大的两次火灾,两次均为礼堂、剧场类火灾,伤亡人数惨重固然和新疆空气干燥易着火蔓延、观众人数众多有关,但建筑设计和管理上的问题也是不容忽视的。我曾从事过建筑设计,现又主管建筑防火设计规范,强烈的责任感,促使我将这次大火及友谊馆建筑方面的问题向从事建筑设计的同行们作一简单介绍。
On December 8, 1994, a major fire broke out in the Karamay Friendship Hall in Xinjiang, killing 323 people (including 288 students and 35 teachers). The heavy casualties reminded me of February 18, 1976 (the first day of the first lunar month). ) In an auditorium auditorium in Xinjiang, a child played fireworks and lit a wreath placed in an auditorium, killing 699 people. The two fires were the two largest fires in the country. Both were fires in auditoriums and theaters. The heavy casualties were related to the spread of air and fire in Xinjiang, and the large number of spectators. However, problems in architectural design and management were also involved. Can not be ignored. I once engaged in architectural design, and now I am in charge of the design code for building fire protection. I have a strong sense of responsibility and prompted me to give a brief introduction to the issues concerning construction of the fire and the Friendship Museum to my colleagues in architectural design.