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在石油产品需求不断增长的同时,全世界石油产量却在持续下降。但是,新技术开发和世界油价上涨又带来了希望,即能够采出被忽略的大量原油。要解决石油短缺问题,必须提高已知储量的采收率。本文综述了微生物提高采收率(MEOR)技术,讨论了该技术对边际和不经济储量的适用性。通过采用MEOR技术能够达到降低成本的目的。MEOR技术通过向油藏注含有少量微生物的溶液,溶液扩散并因此产生想要的化学剂和气体,以此提高采收率。通过排驱留在油藏中的大部分原油和减小当今“能源饥渇世界”中的供求差别,MEOR技术将非常有助于填补这一能源缺口。
As oil demand continues to grow, world oil production continues to decline. However, the development of new technologies and the rise of global oil prices have brought the hope that large quantities of crude oil, which have been neglected, can be taken out. To solve the problem of oil shortage, it is necessary to increase the recovery of known reserves. This article reviews microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) technology and discusses the applicability of this technology to marginal and uneconomic reserves. Through the use of MEOR technology can achieve the purpose of reducing costs. The MEOR technology increases oil recovery by injecting a solution containing a small amount of microorganisms into a reservoir, spreading the solution and therefore producing the desired chemical and gas. The MEOR technology will be very helpful in filling this energy gap by displacing most of the oil remaining in the reservoir and reducing the supply and demand differences in today’s “Energy Starvation World.”