用压片法对八倍体小黑麦和八倍体小滨麦杂种 F1 的小孢子发生和雄配子体发育进行了细胞学观察。结果表明 :小黑麦 /小滨麦 F1 PMC MI染色体平均构型为 1 3.1 7 +2 0 .82 +0 .37 +0 .0 2 ,与其理论构型基本一致。在三属杂种 F1 减数分裂后期 可观察到较高频率的落后染色体 ;四分体时期的子细胞普遍具有微核 ;所形成的小孢子有部分能进行正常的有丝分裂 ,产生成熟的花粉 ,其成熟花粉的可育率为 44.1 %。在三属杂种 F1 的小孢子发生和雄配子体发育过程中 ,还观察到了一些特殊的细胞学现象 :在同一个细胞中的染色质活动不同步 ,小孢子发生对称的有丝分裂 ,四分体不能正常形成 ,以及小孢子无丝分裂等现象 Cytological observation of microsporogenesis and male gametophyte development of octoploid triticale and octaploid ecotypes F1 were carried out by using the tabletting method. The results showed that the average PMC MI of Triticale × Oryza sativa F1 was 1 3.1 7 +2 0 .82 +0. 37 +0. 0 2, which was consistent with its theoretical configuration. At the late stage of meiosis F1 hybrids, the higher frequency of backward chromosomes could be observed. The daughter cells in tetrad period generally had micronuclei. Some of the formed microspores could undergo normal mitosis to produce mature pollen, The fertility of mature pollen was 44.1%. During the microsporogenesis and male gametophyte development of the three-hybrid F1, some special cytological phenomena were also observed: the chromatin activity in the same cell was not synchronized, mitotic symmetry occurred in microspores, and the tetrad could not form normally , And microspore mitosis and so on