BACKGROUND: The present study was undertaken to examine the regulatory effect of hydrogen sulfide(H2S) on endoplasmic reticulum stress in alveolar epithelial cells of rats with acute lung injury(ALI) induced by oleic acid(OA).METHODS: Seventy-two male Sprague Dawley(SD) rats were divided into control group, oleic acid-induced ALI group(OA group), oleic acid-induced ALI with sodium hydrosulfide(Na HS) pretreatment group(OA+Na HS group), and sodium hydrosulfide treatment group(Na HS group). Rats of each group were further subdivided into 3 subgroups. Index of quantitative assessment of histological lung injury(IQA), wet/dry weight ratio(W/D) and H2 S level of lung tissues were measured. The expressions of endoplasmic reticulum stress markers including glucose-regulated protein 78(GRP78) and α-subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor-2(el F2α) in lung tissues were measured by immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting.RESULTS: The IQA score and W/D ratio of lung tissues at the three time points significantly increased in rats injected with OA, but significantly decreased in other rats injected with OA and Na HS. The level of H2 S in lung tissue at the three time points significantly decreased in rats injected with OA, but significantly increased in other rats injected with both OA and Na HS. GRP78 and el F2α decreased in rats injected with OA, but increased in other rats injected with both OA and Na HS, especially at 4-hour and 6-hour time points.CONCLUSION: The results suggested that H2 S could promote alveolar epithelial cell endoplasmic reticulum stress in rats with ALI. BACKGROUND: The present study was undertaken to examine the regulatory effect of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on endoplasmic reticulum stress in alveolar epithelial cells of rats with acute lung injury (ALI) induced by oleic acid (OA). METHODS: Seventy-two male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into control group, oleic acid-induced ALI group (OA group), oleic acid-induced ALI with sodium hydrosulfide (Na HS) pretreatment group (OA + Na HS group), and sodium hydrosulfide treatment group Na HS group). Rats of each group were further subdivided into 3 subgroups. Index of quantitative assessment of histological lung injury (IQA), wet / dry weight ratio (W / D) and H2 S level of lung tissues were measured. of endoplasmic reticulum stress markers including glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and α-subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor-2 (el F2α) in lung tissues were measured by immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting .RESULTS: The IQA score and W / D ratio of lung tissue s at the three time points significantly increased in rats injected with OA, but significantly decreased in other rats injected with OA and Na HS. The level of H2 S in lung tissue at the three time points significantly decreased in rats injected with OA, but significantly increased in other rats injected with both OA and Na HS. GRP78 and el F2α decreased in rats injected with OA, but increased in other rats injected with both OA and Na HS, especially at 4-hour and 6-hour time points. CONCLUSION: The results suggested that H2 S could promote alveolar epithelial cell endoplasmic reticulum stress in rats with ALI.