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[目的]分析鲁山县人民医院中药处方毒性药物使用频率及剂量。[方法]使用系统综述方法,收集2015-2016年鲁山县人民医院门诊中药处方,参照《中国药典》有毒或有小毒类药物使用剂量,采用Excel2013统计软件建立数据库,按科室、单味药物分析使用频率、处方数、药典规定剂量、超量用药处方、正确用药处方、超量处方比例。[结果]纳入中药处方897张,含有毒性中药处方558张。含毒性药物使用频率前五位:苦杏仁(24.7%)>法半夏(16.8%)>熟附子(11.1%)>苍耳子(9.6%)>细辛(8.9%)。使用科室主要为耳鼻喉科(52.9%)和中医内科(44.3%)。[结论]有毒中药的使用应该遵循“毒药缓投”原则,从小剂量开始服用,辨证合理用药是减少药物毒性的最为有效的环节。
[Objective] To analyze the frequency and dosage of prescription toxic drugs in Lushan People’s Hospital. [Methods] Using the method of systematic review, we collected the prescription of Lushan County People’s Hospital outpatient service from 2015 to 2016. The database of toxic or small toxic drugs in “Chinese Pharmacopoeia” was used and the statistical software Excel2013 was used to establish the database. According to the department, single drug Analysis of the use of frequency, the number of prescriptions, pharmacopoeia prescribed dose, overdose prescription, the correct prescription medication, over-prescription ratio. [Results] There were 897 prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicines and 558 prescriptions of toxic traditional Chinese medicines. The top five frequency of toxic drug use: bitter almond (24.7%)> Pinellia (16.8%)> cooked aconite (11.1%)> Xanthium (9.6%) Asarum (8.9%). The main departments used were otolaryngology (52.9%) and traditional Chinese medicine (44.3%). [Conclusion] The use of toxic traditional Chinese medicine should follow the principle of “slow release of poisons” and start with small dosage. The rational use of dialectical medicine is the most effective way to reduce drug toxicity.