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语文单元教学的理论基础是系统论、信息论和控制论。根据这“三论”,结合语文教学的实际情况,我们可以概括出语文单元教学的几个基本原则——整体教学的原则、有序开放的原则、反馈调控的原则、比较教学的原则。这里,我只谈谈在语文单元教学中如何贯彻有序开放的原则。信息论认为,系统由较低级的结构转变为较高级的结构,称之为有序;反之,系统由较高级的结构变为较低级的结构,称之为无序。而任何系统只有开放,与外界有信息交换,才可能有序,与外界无信息交换的封闭系统,不可能有序。
The theoretical basis of language unit teaching is system theory, information theory and cybernetics. According to these “three theories”, combined with the actual situation of Chinese teaching, we can summarize several basic principles of unit teaching - the principle of overall teaching, the principle of orderly opening, the principle of feedback control and the principle of comparative teaching. Here, I only talk about how to carry out the principle of orderly opening up in the teaching of Chinese units. According to information theory, the system is transformed from a lower level structure to a higher level structure, which is called orderly; on the contrary, the system changes from a higher level structure to a lower level structure and is called disorder. However, it is impossible for any system to be open and closed to exchange information with the outside world before it can be ordered and without any exchange of information with the outside world.