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目的观察有氧运动8周对急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者睡眠质量和情绪的影响。方法选择急性心肌梗死接受冠状动脉介入治疗的患者共60例,随机分为运动组30例和对照组30例。对照组给予常规药物治疗,运动组在常规药物治疗基础上行心肺运动试验并制定个体化运动处方,指导低中强度(心率储备的20%~59%)有氧运动训练8周,2组患者观察前和观察8周后均采用匹茨堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)进行睡眠质量和情绪测评。结果运动组进行低中强度有氧运动8周后PSQI总分及其因子主观睡眠质量、睡眠潜伏期、睡眠持续性、习惯性睡眠效率、睡眠紊乱、使用睡眠药物、白天功能紊乱评分均小于干预前及对照组同期总分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中PSQI总分较干预前下降3.16,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);SAS、SDS标准分均小于干预前及对照组同期标准分,运动组焦虑抑郁标准分较干预前分别下降9.07、12.06,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论低中强度有氧运动训练8周能有效改善AMI支架植入术后患者的睡眠质量和焦虑抑郁情绪,而且是安全可行的。
Objective To observe the effects of aerobic exercise for 8 weeks on sleep quality and mood in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods Sixty patients with acute myocardial infarction who underwent coronary intervention were randomly divided into exercise group (n = 30) and control group (n = 30). The control group was given routine drug therapy. The exercise group was subjected to cardiopulmonary exercise test on the basis of routine drug therapy and individualized exercise prescription was formulated to guide the training of low and medium intensity (20% -59% of heart rate reserve) aerobic exercise for 8 weeks. PSQI, SAS and SDS were used to assess the sleep quality and emotion of the patients before and 8 weeks after the observation. Results The scores of subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbance, sleeping medication and daytime dysfunction scores of PSQI score and its factors in exercise group after low and mid-intensity aerobic exercise were lower than those before intervention (P <0.05). The total score of PSQI decreased by 3.16 compared with that before intervention (P <0.01), and the scores of SAS and SDS were all less than those of pre-intervention and control The scores of standard scores of anxiety and depression of exercise group decreased by 9.07 and 12.06, respectively, before intervention (P <0.01). Conclusion Low-intensity aerobic exercise training for 8 weeks can effectively improve the sleep quality and anxiety and depression of patients after AMI stent implantation, and is safe and feasible.