1　前　言湖北恩施土家族苗族自治州 ,位于鄂西南 ,属武陵山区 ,跨东经 10 8°2 3′12″～ 110°38′0 8″ ,北纬2 9°7′10″～ 31°2 4′13″ ,东邻宜昌 ,南界湘西 ,西连重庆 ,北接神农架林区。海拔高度 66 8～ 30 32ｍ ,为典型的立体农业。随着海拔升高 ,气候越趋冷凉 ,马铃 1 Introduction Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, located in the southwest of Hubei Province, belongs to the Wuling mountainous area. It extends from east to west at 10 8 ° 2 3’12 “to 110 ° 38’0 8” and latitude 2 9 ° 7’10 “to 31 ° 2 4 ’ 13 ”, east of Yichang, south of western Hunan, west of Chongqing, north of Shennongjia forest. Altitude 66 8 ~ 30 32m, is a typical three-dimensional agriculture. As the altitude increases, the climate becomes more and more cold, with raindrops