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目的了解北京市中关村社区老年人群骨质疏松高危因素的情况,评价对该人群进行相关健康教育干预的效果。方法选择中关村社区为干预社区,对骨质疏松症高危人群进行综合健康教育干预,选择学院路社区为对照社区。干预前后,对调查对象进行问卷调查,以评价干预效果。结果干预社区干预前后分别调查134人和126人,对照社区干预前后分别调查146人和140人,两组调查对象在年龄、性别、医保形式上的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预前,两组调查对象的骨质疏松知识均较局限,干预后,干预组对12条骨质疏松知识点的知晓率均有明显提高(P<0.05),且明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预前,两组调查对象的居住环境都存在“楼道内有障碍物”、“房间内无夜灯”和“地面不平、堆杂物、较滑”等问题,干预后,干预组居住环境的安全问题明显减少。结论开展骨质疏松高危人群健康教育具有重要意义,对提高相关知识知晓率、改变危害健康行为、养成良好生活方式具有促进作用。
Objective To understand the risk factors of osteoporosis in the elderly population in Zhongguancun community in Beijing and evaluate the effects of health education intervention on this population. Methods Zhongguancun community as a community intervention, high risk population of osteoporosis comprehensive health education intervention, select the College Road community as a control community. Before and after the intervention, questionnaires were surveyed to evaluate the effect of the intervention. Results Before and after community intervention, 134 and 126 people were investigated before and after community intervention. 146 and 140 people were surveyed before and after community intervention respectively. There was no significant difference in age, sex and health insurance between the two groups (P> 0.05). Before the intervention, the osteoporosis knowledge of the two groups were quite limited. After intervention, the awareness rate of 12 osteoporosis knowledge points in the intervention group was significantly increased (P <0.05), and significantly higher than that in the control group (P <0.05). Before the intervention, the living environment of the two groups of respondents had problems such as “There are obstacles in the corridor”, “There is no night light in the room” and “Ground is uneven, debris and slippery” , The intervention group safety of living environment significantly reduced. Conclusion It is of great significance to carry out health education on the high risk population of osteoporosis, which can promote the awareness of related knowledge, change the behavior that endanger the health and develop a good life style.