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世界早期文明基本都发源于大江、大河,依托河流必然伴随有航运,航运于文化、社会之影响深远。而在交通甚为不便的湘西,更是比邻酉水,并依托酉水,从古至今航运伴随始终。酉水作为土家人的母亲河,养育了一代代土家先民,同时也造就了土家人独具特色的社会文化包括已列为中国第二批国家级非物质文化遗产的酉水号子等。除对酉水号子的简单阐述外,同时更应该关注航运文化的载体,那一批批船工及拉纤的纤夫们。本文试探讨酉水航运对湘西产生的社会文化影响。
The early civilizations in the world basically all originated from the rivers and rivers. Relying on the rivers, they inevitably accompanied shipping and shipping in the culture and made far-reaching impact on society. In the less convenient traffic of western Hunan, it is even more adjacent to the unitary water and relies on the water from the ancient times to the present. As the mother river of Tujia people, Youshui has raised generations of Tujia ancestors and also created the unique social culture of Tujia including the first sub-unit of China’s non-material cultural heritage. In addition to a simple exposition of the son of Shui Zi, at the same time more attention should be paid to the carrier of the shipping culture, those battered boat workers and those who pull fiber. This article attempts to explore the socio-cultural impact of western shipping on the West.