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目的探讨东营市近5年围生儿死亡的变化趋势及影响因素,为降低围生儿死亡率提供科学依据。方法对2011-2015年东营市《儿童死亡报告卡》、《山东省围生儿情况调查表》及《妇幼卫生信息年报表》进行回顾性分析。结果 5年间东营市围生儿死亡率整体上逐年降低,但均低于山东省围生儿死亡率平均水平;围生儿死亡中死胎占据首位,围生儿死亡原因顺位前3位分别是出生缺陷、早产或低出生体重和新生儿疾病;围生儿死亡中,孕妇年龄<20岁最多,25~30岁最少;单胎死亡率较低,随着胎数增加,死亡率增高;乡村围生儿死亡率最低,流动人口最高;参与孕产妇保健项目,围生儿死亡率显著降低。结论落实出生缺陷综合防治措施,做好孕产妇保健工作,可以降低围生儿死亡率。
Objective To investigate the change trend and influencing factors of perinatal mortality in Dongying city in the recent 5 years and provide a scientific basis for reducing perinatal mortality. Methods Retrospective analysis was carried out on the “Report on Children’s Death”, “Survey on Perinatal Children in Shandong Province” and “Annual Report on MCH Information” in Dongying City from 2011 to 2015. Results The perinatal mortality rate in Dongying City decreased year by year as a whole in five years, but both were lower than the average perinatal mortality rate in Shandong Province. The proportion of stillbirths among perinatal children accounted for the first place. The top three causes of perinatal death were Birth defects, premature birth or low birth weight, and neonatal morbidity. Among perinatal deaths, pregnant women are the most common, <20 years old, while those aged 25-30 years are the least; singleton mortality is low, and mortality increases as the number of births increases; Perinatal mortality was the lowest and migrant population was the highest. Participation in maternal health care project significantly reduced perinatal mortality. Conclusion The implementation of a comprehensive prevention and control measures of birth defects, good maternal health care work, can reduce perinatal mortality.