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我国著名的翻译家严复在八十多年前翻译赫胥黎的《天演论》时,曾最早谈到了“译事难”的问题。他在译书例言一开头就这样写道: “译事三难:信,达,雅。求其信已大难矣,顾信矣不达,虽译犹不译也,则达尚焉。海通已来,象寄之才,随地多有。而任取一书,责其能与于斯二者,则已寡矣。其故在浅尝,一也;偏至,二也;辨之者少,三也。”这里所谓“象寄之才”,是指通晓外国语言的翻译人才而言;所谓“能与于斯二者”,是指翻译时能够得上信和达的人而言。严复指出为什么这样的人才少呢?一来是由于译者的学问知识浅薄;二来是因为他所懂得的常偏于一个方面;三来是能辨别译事三难的人很少,换句话说,也就是不大了解译事的甘苦。严复的这段话和他对翻译提出的“信,达,雅”的要求,多年来虽然有过不同的理解和讨论,甚至还受到过各种批评,但作为一个精于译事的人来说,他在这里是一语道破了翻译工作的全部艰难与辛苦! 我也常碰到有人向我问起翻译难不难的问题。我虽然从事翻译工作也已有好多年,但我对翻译问题并没有作过什么理论上的研究,更谈不上总结出了什么经验。如果要我讲讲自己的体会,那我就只能讲出三个字:“译事难”! 为什么说“译事难”呢?
When Yan Fu, a famous translator in China, translated Huxley’s “Evolution and Ethics Theory” more than 80 years ago, he first mentioned the issue of “difficult translation”. In the beginning of his translation, he wrote: “There are three difficulties in translating: Faith, Faith, Advocacy, Faith in Faith has been a dilemma, Gu Fa does not go up, Haitong has come, as if sent only, there are many places. And take a book, be responsible for its energy with the two in Sri Lanka, it has no qualifications. ”There are a few who speak three languages.“ The so-called ”elephant talent“ here refers to those who are familiar with the translation of foreign languages. The so-called ”both can and religion“ refers to people who can gain trust and reach in translation . Yan Fu pointed out why such a small talent? First, due to the translator’s knowledge of shallow learning; Second, because he often understands one aspect; Third, to identify three difficult to interpret the few people, in other words , That is, do not understand the bitterness of the translation. Yan Fu’s remarks and his request for translation of ”Faith, Advocacy, and Elegance“ have been criticized by many people over the years despite their different understandings and discussions. However, as a translator, He said that he is here all the way to untangle the translation work all the hard and hard! I often encounter someone asked me the difficult problem of translation. Although I have been engaged in translation work for many years, I have not done any theoretical research on translation issues, let alone summed up what experience I have learned. If I want to tell my own experience, then I can only speak three words: ”difficult to translate“! Why say ”difficult to translate"?