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化石自动鉴定研究是古生物学研究的一个前沿方向。数字图像的采集与处理是化石自动鉴定的基础,处理后的图像质量直接影响了计算机识别的效果。文中以牙形石为例,通过对化石数字图像采集方法的研究,获得了光学显微图像和扫描图像两类牙形石数字图像。详细介绍了灰度变换、均值滤波、中值滤波和微分算子等图像增强方法,通过实验比较了各自的优缺点。实验结果表明,这些方法可以有效改善牙形石数字图像质量。选择合适的图像增强方法能够突出牙形石的细节,有利于牙形石的特征观察和进一步的分析,为后续的牙形石自动鉴定研究奠定了基础。
Fossil identification is a forefront of paleontological research. Digital image acquisition and processing is the basis for the automatic identification of fossils, the quality of the processed images directly affects the recognition of the computer. In this paper, conodont is taken as an example. Two kinds of digital images of optical micrographs and scanned images are obtained through the research on fossil digital image acquisition methods. The method of image enhancement, such as gray transform, mean filter, median filter and differential operator, is introduced in detail. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are compared through experiments. Experimental results show that these methods can effectively improve the quality of digital images of conodont. Choosing the appropriate image enhancement method can highlight the details of conodont, which is good for the observation and further analysis of conodont features, which lays the foundation for the subsequent automatic identification of conodont.