为了研究生物质高温热解气化特性,特别是在此过程中碳烟的形成机理,在一维沉降炉内对麦秆和杨树木屑于900~1300℃进行高温热解,收集热解产生的气、液、固三相及碳烟产物,对热解产物的产率、形貌及组分进行分析,对比了两种生物质热解产物特性并重点分析热解碳烟的形成机理。结果表明,麦秆、木屑热解碳烟的产率(产物与生物质干基的质量比)分别为0.28%~2.40%和0.34%~6.30%,随着温度的升高而升高,热解焦炭的产率分别为2.8%~7.3%,0.29%~2.9%,随着温度的升高逐渐降低。木屑由于具有较高的木质素和纤维素组分,产生更多的碳烟;麦秆由于具有高灰分和抽提物含量,生成更多的焦炭。麦秆的不凝性气体产率在47%~69%,木屑在59%~77%,热解产气率总体随温度的升高而升高。两种生物质热解的焦油产率均低于1.6%,温度升高至1200℃时焦油完全转化,焦油的组分几乎均为芳烃类物质。生物质的热解过程中,在900~1100℃时,碳烟的形成为小分子烃类气体裂解和大分子焦油缩聚机理共同作用的结果,在温度超过1100℃时,增长的碳烟主要是通过小分子烃类气体裂解的途径生成。 In order to study the pyrolysis gasification characteristics of biomass, especially the formation mechanism of soot in this process, pyrolysis of wheat straw and poplar sawdust at 900 ~ 1300 ℃ was carried out in a one-dimensional sedimentation furnace to collect pyrolysis Gas, liquid, solid three phases and soot products, the yield, morphology and composition of the pyrolysis products were analyzed. The characteristics of pyrolysis products of two biomass were compared and the formation mechanism of pyrolysis soot was analyzed. The results showed that the yield of straw and woodchip fumed soot (mass ratio of product to biomass dry basis) were 0.28% -2.40% and 0.34% -6.30%, respectively, and increased with the increase of temperature The coke yields were 2.8% -7.3% and 0.29% -2.9%, respectively, with the temperature gradually decreasing. Sawdust produces more soot as a result of the higher lignin and cellulose components; straw produces more coke due to its high ash and extractive content. The non-condensable gas yield of wheat straw is between 47% and 69%, and the sawdust is between 59% and 77%. The pyrolytic gas production rate generally rises with increasing temperature. The tar yield of pyrolysis of both biomass was less than 1.6%. When the temperature was increased to 1200 ℃, the tar was completely converted, and the components of tar were almost all aromatic hydrocarbons. During the pyrolysis of biomass, the formation of soot at 900 ~ 1100 ℃ is the result of the interaction of small molecule hydrocarbon gas cracking and the mechanism of polycondensation of macromolecule tar. When the temperature is above 1100 ℃, the soot is mainly Through the molecular hydrocarbon gas cracking pathway generated.