“市场失灵”说和“政府失灵”说是对当前国内收入分配问题成因的两种解释。这两种分析范式是立足于西方世界高度市场化和“强社会——弱国家”环境提出来的,不适用于解释中国的现实。当前国内的收入分配问题主要是由规则缺乏导致的,而不是由规则“失灵”引起的。 “Market failure” and “government failure” are two explanations of the causes of the current domestic income distribution problem. These two paradigms of analysis are based on the highly marketized and “strong-social-weak-nation” environment of the Western world and are not applicable to the interpretation of China’s reality. At present, the problem of income distribution in our country is mainly caused by the lack of rules, not caused by the rule “failure”.