为探究油菜不同光合器官间光合特性大小、杂种优势及对产量贡献的差异,以4套甘蓝型油菜CMS杂种及其亲本为材料,对长柄叶、短柄叶、角果3类主要光合器官在光合面积、主要气体交换参数、群体生长量、群体生长速率等光合性状在功能相对稳定期(RSP)的持续时间、最大值、均值、杂种优势及其与产量相关性间的差异进行了比较。结果显示,1叶绿素含量的RSP持续时间、最大值、平均值为短柄叶>长柄叶>角果;2 6个主要气体交换参数中,P_n、G_s为短柄叶>长柄叶>角果,Ci为长柄叶>角果>短柄叶,Tr为角果>短柄叶>长柄叶,Ls为短柄叶>角果>长柄叶,WUE为长柄叶>短柄叶>角果;3光合面积的RSP持续时间为长柄叶>短柄叶>角果,而光合面积最大面积、均值为角果>短柄叶>长柄叶。4群体光合物质净合成量RSP的持续时间、最高值、均值均为角果>短柄叶>长柄叶。5群体净光合速率RSP的持续时间为短柄叶>长柄叶>角果,而最大值、均值为短柄叶>角果>长柄叶;6角果光合面积、群体光合物质合成量的杂种优势最大,而群体净光合速率、叶绿素含量的杂种优势则最小,短柄叶叶绿素含量、群体光合物质净合成量的杂种优势高于长柄叶;角果在P_n、G_s、C_i、T_r等4个气体交换参数中的杂种优势为最低,而在L_s则最高,短柄叶在P_n、G_s、T_r、L_s4个参数的杂种优势中大于长柄叶。7与产量的相关性大小为角果>短柄叶>长柄叶,在RSP内光合性状数值与产量的相关性大小为持续时间>均值>最大值;油菜3类主要光合器官间的光合特性、对产量的贡献存在显著差异,在进行高光效种质筛选和高光效育种时,应对多个光合器官、不同时期的光合性状进行综合比较。 In order to explore the differences in photosynthetic characteristics, heterosis and yield contribution of different photosynthetic organs in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), four sets of CMS hybrids and their parents were used to study the photosynthetic characteristics of three main photosynthetic organs The photosynthetic area, major gas exchange parameters, population growth, population growth rate and other photosynthetic traits were compared in duration, maximum, mean, heterosis and their correlation with yield of RSP . The results showed that the duration, the maximum and the average of RSP of 1 chlorophyll content were short-stem leaves> long-stem leaves> angle fruit. Among the 6 main gas exchange parameters, P_n and G_s were short-stem leaves> long-stem leaves> Fruit, Ci as long-handled leaves> fruit> short-handled leaves Tr Trichosanthes> short-handled leaves> long-handled leaves, Ls as short-handled leaves> fruit> long-handled leaves, WUE as long-handled leaves> > Pod; 3 the RSP duration of photosynthetic area was long-handled leaves> short-handled leaves> pod and the largest area of ​​photosynthetic area with the average value of pod> short-handled leaves> long-handled leaves. The duration, the highest value and the mean of the net amount of photosynthetic substance synthesized by RSP in 4 groups were as follows: pod> short stalk> long stalk. The duration of net photosynthetic rate (RSP) of 5 groups was short-stem leaves> long-stem leaves> angle fruit, while the maximum value was short-stem leaves> angle fruit> long-stem leaves; The heterosis of the net photosynthetic rate and the chlorophyll content of the population was the smallest. The heterosis of chlorophyll content of short stalk and net net yield of photosynthetic substance were higher than that of long-stalked leaves. The number of pod in P_n, G_s, C_i and T_r Among the four gas exchange parameters, the heterosis was the lowest, while the highest was at L_s. The short leaves had more heterosis than the long leaves in 4 parameters of P_n, G_s, T_r and L_s. The correlation between the photosynthetic traits and yield in RSP was the duration> average> maximum; the photosynthetic characteristics of the three main photosynthetic organs in rapeseed , There was a significant difference in the contribution to the yield. In the screening of high light efficiency germplasm and breeding of high light efficiency, we should make a comprehensive comparison of photosynthetic characteristics of multiple photosynthetic organs and different periods.