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研究了多自由度的振动数学模型.通过系统的故障频率来确定振动传感器的安装位置,提出了一种基于故障频率敏感的振动传感器优化布局方法,建立了直升机中减速器机匣有限元模型.利用谐响应分析方法,对中减速器机匣施加一故障激励信号.研究表明:机匣的不同位置对激励信号响应的振动幅值明显不同,齿轮故障时往往在啮合频率及其倍频处形成以转频为间隔的边频带,对该边频响应振幅最大的位置就是振动传感器安装的最佳位置,并提出了振动传感器优化布局函数.此方法同样适用于直升机传动系统其它部件的振动传感器位置选择,也适用于其它旋转机械的振动监测.
The mathematical model of multi-freedom vibration is studied, and the installation position of the vibration sensor is determined by the fault frequency of the system. An optimization method of vibration sensor based on the fault frequency is proposed and the finite element model of the gearbox is established. The harmonic response analysis method is used to apply a fault excitation signal to the gearbox of the reducer.Research shows that the amplitude of the vibration response to the excitation signal is obviously different at different positions of the gearbox and the gear failure often forms at the meshing frequency and its multiple frequency The most suitable position for the frequency response of the sideband is the best position for the vibration sensor to be installed and the optimized layout function of the vibration sensor is proposed.The method is also applicable to the vibration sensor position of other parts of the helicopter drive system Choice, but also for other rotating machinery vibration monitoring.