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在上海市农民工较集中的造船、集装箱制造、制鞋行业中随机选择31家企业,整群抽样其中3 306名农民工,对其职业卫生知识掌握情况进行调查,并用相关软件进行统计分析。农民工对职业卫生相关知识的知晓率,随着文化程度的增高呈增高趋势,女性农民工的知晓率普遍低于男性农民工。不同行业农民工对职业卫生知识的知晓率存在显著性差异。农民工了解职业病相关法规的途径相对单一,主要是通过企业宣教。调查显示加强对农民工(尤其是女性、低文化程度、箱包制鞋行业的农民工)的职业卫生知识宣教,应作为今后职业卫生工作的重点。企业作为职业卫生知识宣教的主要阵地,应充分发挥其作用。
In Shanghai, more 31 migrant workers randomly selected from the shipbuilding, container manufacturing and shoe-making industries, among which 3 306 migrant workers were sampled by cluster sampling. Their knowledge of occupational health was investigated and relevant software was used for statistical analysis. The awareness rate of migrant workers on occupational health-related knowledge increased with the increase of educational level. The awareness rate of female migrant workers was generally lower than that of male migrant workers. There is a significant difference in the awareness of occupational health among migrant workers in different industries. Migrant workers to understand the laws and regulations related to occupational diseases relatively simple way, mainly through corporate mission. The survey shows that strengthening education and knowledge of occupational hygiene for migrant workers (especially women, low educational level and luggage and footwear industries) should be the focus of future occupational health work. Enterprises as the main front of mission knowledge of occupational health should give full play to their role.