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这次选登的是原书讨论核武器的几节,摘自原书的第16章.这一章介绍核能和释放核能的两种方法:聚变和裂变.它从聚变开始,第16.1节介绍氢的聚变,它是太阳辐射能的来源.第16.2节介绍核能曲线,在这条曲线上,核子的平均核能两头高,中间(在铁附近)低,这使核能在原则上能够通过裂变和聚变两种方法释放.第16.3节讲述聚变对宇宙演化过程中重元素生成的作用.第16.4节讲述发现和认定原子核裂变这一段历史.从第16.5节起讲述核武器.作者边讲历史故事,边讲物理原理,第16.5节介绍什么是链式反应,产生链式反应的两种核素铀235和钚以及浓集它们的困难;第16.6节介绍曼哈顿计划、裂变炸弹的起爆原理、铀弹与钚弹的不同设计;第16.7节介绍苏美核军备竞赛的历史和氢弹的原理;第16.8节讨论核恐怖主义.——秦克诚
This is the first of several books on nuclear weapons, taken from the original book, Chapter 16. This chapter introduces two ways of nuclear energy and the release of nuclear energy: fusion and fission. It begins with fusion and Section 16.1 introduces hydrogen Fusion, which is the source of solar radiation. Section 16.2 introduces a nuclear energy curve where the average nuclear energy of the nuclei is high on both ends and low in the middle (near the iron), which allows the nuclear energy to in principle be able to pass both fission and fusion Section 16.3 deals with the role of fusion in the generation of heavy elements in the evolution of the universe, and Section 16.4 deals with the history of the discovery and identification of nuclear fission, starting with section 16.5 on Nuclear Weapons, while the author speaks historical stories while speaking about physics Principle, Section 16.5 describes what is a chain reaction, the two nuclides that produce a chain reaction, uranium 235 and plutonium, and their concentration difficulties; Section 16.6 describes the Manhattan Project, the detonation principle of fission bombs, the uranium bombs and plutonium bombs Section 16.7 introduces the history of the Soviet-American nuclear arms race and the principle of hydrogen bombs; Section 16.8 discusses nuclear terrorism .-- Qin Kecheng