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对西南干热河谷地区夏玉米农田土壤在不同覆盖方式下其温度变化影响进行了研究,结果表明,不同覆盖方式下,旱地玉米农田土壤温度变化情况呈现出差异性。在0~25 cm土层范围内,夏玉米生育前期秸秆覆盖土壤日均温度比裸地要低,而地膜覆盖土壤日均温度要高于裸地,到了生育后期,不同覆盖方式下的土壤温度日均差异明显降低,其中以地膜覆盖方式下的土壤目平均温度变化最小;土壤温度随土层加深变化幅度逐渐减小,且不同覆盖方式下的温度变化逐渐趋于一致,其中地膜覆盖的增温缓温作用优于秸秆覆盖;土壤温度的变化与气温的相关函数均呈正向相关性,但随土壤深度增加,相关性减弱;最后通过比较产量数据,得出稳定的土壤温度有利于提高夏玉米产量,且地膜覆盖方式在增产增收方面具有显著优势。
The effects of soil temperature on summer maize farmland soils under different coverage patterns in Southwest dry and hot valley were studied. The results showed that under different coverage patterns, the changes of soil temperature in dryland maize farmland showed differences. In the 0 ~ 25 cm soil layer, the average daily temperature of straw mulch in summer corn was lower than that of bare soil in the early growth period of summer maize, while the average daily temperature of plastic mulching soil was higher than that in bare soil. At later growth stage, soil temperature The daily average difference was significantly decreased, of which the average change of soil temperature was the smallest under plastic film mulching. The soil temperature was gradually decreased with the deepening of soil depth, and the temperature changes tended to be consistent under different mulching methods. Temperature and temperature were better than straw mulching. The correlation between soil temperature and temperature had a positive correlation, but the correlation was weaker with the increase of soil depth. Finally, by comparing yield data, it was concluded that stable soil temperature was beneficial to summer Corn production, and mulching methods have a significant advantage in increasing production and income.