新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(respiratory distress syndrome of newborn,NRDS)是引起新生儿呼吸衰竭的主要疾病。研究证明其发病主要机制是由于缺乏肺表面活性物质[1](pulmonary surfactant,PS),导致肺泡表面张力增加,肺泡塌陷。临床医学、流行病学、遗传学及分子生物化学都充分证明NRDS是一种多因素、多基因疾病。随着对妊娠期糖尿病(gestational The neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (respiratory distress syndrome of newborn, NRDS) is the main cause of neonatal respiratory failure. Studies have shown that the main mechanism of its pathogenesis is due to the lack of pulmonary surfactant (PS), resulting in increased alveolar surface tension and alveolar collapse. Clinical medicine, epidemiology, genetics and molecular biochemistry have all proved that NRDS is a multifactorial polygenic disease. With gestational diabetes (gestational