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本文以泰国为例,考察了来自中国的进口对当地企业成本加成率的影响。我们利用世界银行企业调查和联合国商品贸易匹配数据的研究表明,来自中国的进口削弱了当地企业的加成率。进一步的探讨显示,出口额高、外资股份多、为跨国公司提供配套产品、资本密集度高、所属行业技术水平高和得到ISO认证的企业,其加成率受到的负向影响相对较小。从细分产品来看,尽管来自中国的最终产品进口给泰国企业的加成率带来了负向压力,但来自中国的中间产品进口则没有类似效应。从国际比较来看,就最终产品进口对当地企业加成率的冲击而言,中国不及低收入国;而与来自中国的中间产品进口不同,来自低收入国和中低收入国的中间产品进口对泰国当地企业的加成率产生了负向效应。
Taking Thailand as an example, this paper examines the impact of imports from China on the cost-added rate of local enterprises. Our research using the World Bank survey of enterprises and the UN merchandise trade matching data shows that the import from China weakened the rate of local businesses. Further research shows that enterprises with high export and foreign shares, supporting products for multinational corporations, high capital intensity, high technological level in their respective industries and ISO certification are relatively negative impact on the rate of addition. In terms of the breakdown of products, while the import of final products from China poses negative pressure on the rate of increase of Thai enterprises, the import of intermediate products from China has no similar effect. From an international perspective, China is inferior to low-income countries in terms of the impact of final product imports on the rate of local enterprises’ additions. However, unlike imports from China, imports of intermediate goods from low-income and middle- and low-income countries The negative effect on the rate of local businesses in Thailand has been negative.