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目的对神经外科患者临床感染细菌分布和耐药性状况进行分析。方法随机选取医院神经外科2012年10月-2014年10月收治的120例住院患者的临床资料进行分析研究。结果 (1)感染类型:所有患者中,血液感染3例(占2.5%);尿路感染5例(占4.2%);患者中枢神经系统感染7例(占5.8%);肺部感染105例(占87.5%),其中大部分患者为肺部感染。(2)细菌分布:120例患者检出病原菌合计198株。包括大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、弗劳地拘椽酸杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、沙雷菌等细菌。(3)药性敏感性特点:革兰阳性球菌中的金黄色葡萄球菌和溶血葡萄球菌均属于耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌,其和肠球菌对利福平和万古霉素具有敏感性。结论对医院神经外科感染患者进行取样送检,从而依据患者的药敏试验选择合适的抗生素,从而有效的降低医院中预防性抗生素的使用量,确保菌群正常,预防菌群失调。从源头上预防医院出现病菌感染。对于感染患者一方面采用消毒、隔离等方式,从而对耐药菌株的传播起到控制作用。另一方面,对分子流行病学进行调查并对细菌耐药机理进行分析研究,从而为医院病菌感染的预防和治疗提供科学依据。
Objective To analyze the bacterial distribution and drug resistance of clinical infection in neurosurgical patients. Methods The clinical data of 120 hospitalized patients admitted from October 2012 to October 2014 in the Department of Neurosurgery were randomly selected and analyzed. Results (1) Type of infection: 3 cases (2.5%) of all patients had blood infection, 5 cases of urinary tract infection (4.2%), 7 cases of central nervous system infection (5.8%), 105 cases of pulmonary infection (87.5%), most of whom were pulmonary infections. (2) Bacterial distribution: A total of 198 pathogens were detected in 120 patients. Including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia bacteria. (3) the characteristics of drug sensitivity: Gram-positive cocci Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus aureus belong to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and enterococci of rifampicin and vancomycin sensitivity. Conclusion The patients with neurosurgical infection in the hospital were sampled and sent for examination, and the appropriate antibiotics were selected according to the drug susceptibility test of the patients, thereby effectively reducing the amount of prophylactic antibiotics in the hospital, ensuring the normal flora and preventing the imbalance of flora. From the source to prevent the emergence of germs in the hospital infection. For the infected patients on the one hand the use of disinfection, isolation, etc., which play a controlling role in the spread of drug-resistant strains. On the other hand, investigating molecular epidemiology and analyzing the mechanism of bacterial resistance to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of nosocomial bacterial infections.