在中、小学教学活动中,经常谈到学生的“学习能力”。从心理学的角度来分析,学生的学习能力可以分为一般智力、言语能力和数理能力。其中一般智力是指理解、判断和推理的能力。它由学生对语言逻辑进行归纳推理和演绎推理的能力,对数学运用数理逻辑进行推理的能力以及对立体和平面图形关系的理解能力组成。一般智力是在诸多基本活动中表现出来的认识能力。这些认识能力是人们完成一切活动都需要的。 In primary and secondary school teaching activities, students often talk about “learning ability.” From the perspective of psychology, students’ learning ability can be divided into general intelligence, speech ability and mathematical ability. The general intelligence refers to the ability to understand, judge and reason. It consists of students’ abilities of inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning of linguistic logic, ability of reasoning using mathematical logic in mathematics, and comprehension of the relationship between solid and plane graphics. General intelligence is the cognitive ability demonstrated in many basic activities. These cognitive skills are needed for people to do all their activities.