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目的弥补传统N-back实验只考察单一维度工作记忆内容的不足,设计多样化的脑力负荷任务,从多方位深入研究脑疲劳及认知负荷。方法从位置、颜色、形状3个维度划分3个等级,并根据反应正确率自动调节等级,构成自适应多维N-back认知负荷新范式,研究新范式下受试者的行为绩效、脑电频谱特征及脑网络变化。结果在1-back与2-back任务中,随着认知任务维度升级、脑力负荷增加,脑电alpha/beta功率比下降,PDC脑网络中各脑区之间的信息流增强且不同维度任务的信息流向与当前任务紧密相关。结论自适应多维N-back实验范式比传统单一维度N-back任务能多方位充分调动大脑认知功能、加速消耗脑力资源并影响其行为绩效,有望为更深层次研究脑认知与脑疲劳提供新思路。
Objective To make up for the traditional N-back experiment to examine only the lack of content of single-dimension working memory, to design diversified mental workload tasks and to deeply study brain fatigue and cognitive load from various aspects. Methods Three levels were classified from three dimensions of position, color and shape, and the levels were automatically adjusted according to the correctness of responses to construct a new paradigm of adaptive multidimensional N-back cognitive load. The behavioral performances of subjects under the new paradigm were studied. EEG Spectrum characteristics and brain network changes. Results In the 1-back and 2-back tasks, with the increase of cognitive task dimensions, increased mental workload and decreased alpha / beta power ratio of brain electrical signals, the flow of information between brain regions in the PDC brain network was enhanced and tasks of different dimensions The flow of information is closely related to the current task. Conclusion The adaptive multidimensional N-back experimental paradigm can fully mobilize the cognitive function of the brain in multiple directions and expedite the consumption of brain resources and affect the performance of the multidimensional N-back experimental task, which is expected to provide a new method for further research on brain cognition and brain fatigue Ideas.