贫困成因分析主要有两个理论取向 :结构性和文化性。我国城镇贫困是在社会转型的基础上发展起来的结构性贫困。但是随着时间的推移 ,贫困者的境况若得不到改善 ,就可能向文化性贫困发展 ,影响的可能是几代人。反贫困政策应当立足长远 ,注重制定战略性的反贫困措施与方案 ,以防范“贫困文化”的产生。 Analysis of the causes of poverty mainly has two theoretical orientations: structural and cultural. Urban poverty in our country is structural poverty developed on the basis of social transformation. However, over time, if the poor are not improving their situation, they may develop into cultural poverty, possibly affecting generations. Anti-poverty policies should be based on the long-term and pay attention to the formulation of strategic anti-poverty measures and programs to prevent “poverty culture.”