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钻式采煤机是一种通过钻头割煤的煤矿机械，其截割的效率与钻头过煤的受力因素密切相关。在煤矿煤岩特性和钻头结构的基础上，分析割煤的工作原理，研究了钻采过程中的受力情况，为井下螺旋钻式采煤机的钻头优化设计奠定了基础。“,”Shearer is a mining machinery cutting coal with drill, and the cutting efficiency relates closely to the stress on its drill. The paper introduce the cutting mechanism of drilling shearer, analyzed the different drill force by the characteristics of rock coal and the structure of the drill bit. The research result is significant to the optimal design of drill bit and the intelligent control of the shearer.