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分别建立了着陆器在非0高度关机着陆模式下、触地关机着陆模式下的动力学仿真模型。基于仿真模型,应用全因子实验设计方法分析了着陆器在两种着陆模式下的软着陆性能,得到了软着陆极恶劣工况。为了获得软着陆性能最佳的着陆器设计方案,研究了着陆缓冲机构构型参数对软着陆性能的影响。结合仿真模型与实验设计方法获取样本点,构造了极恶劣工况下描述软着陆性能指标值、着陆缓冲机构构型参数之间映射关系的响应面模型。之后利用响应面模型与第二代非劣排序遗传算法(NSGA-II)实现了着陆缓冲机构构型参数的优化。将优化后的参数代入仿真模型验证,着陆器在两种着陆模式下的抗翻倒能力、底面抗损坏能力均得到提升。
The dynamic simulation model of the landing gear in non-zero altitude landing mode and the touchdown landing mode respectively is established. Based on the simulation model, a full-factorial experimental design method is used to analyze the soft landing performance of the lander in two landing modes, and the worst landing condition of the soft landing is obtained. In order to obtain the best lander design scheme with soft landing, the effect of configuration parameters of landing buffer on the soft landing performance was studied. The sample points were obtained by combining the simulation model and the experimental design method. The response surface model describing the mapping relationship between the soft landing performance index value and the landing buffer mechanism configuration parameters under extreme conditions was constructed. After that, the configuration parameters of the landing buffer mechanism are optimized by using the response surface model and the second generation non-inferior sequencing genetic algorithm (NSGA-II). The optimized parameters were substituted into the simulation model to verify that the lander’s anti-tipping ability in both landing modes and the bottom anti-damage ability are improved.