近年来,德国宪法学专家们纷纷对已在德国实施了54年之久的基本法进行积极反思。其中,对德国独具特色的联邦制的思考尤为深刻。他们对联邦参议院的去留或职权的规定、联邦和州权限的重新分配、国家重要官员的产生方式、政党的性质与地位、社团的权利等问题进行了广泛而热烈的探讨,认为目前基本法下的国家框架存在全面的结构性的错误,已成为社会发展的羁绊,亟需在政治和社会领域进行必要的改革。 In recent years, German constitutional law experts have actively rethought the Basic Law, which has been implemented in Germany for 54 years. Among them, Germany’s unique federalism is particularly profound thinking. They conducted extensive and enthusiastic discussions on the provisions on the Federal Senate’s fate or power, the redistribution of federal and state powers, the production of important state officials, the nature and status of political parties, and the rights of associations. He believes that under the current Basic Law The overall structural error in the national framework has become a fetter of social development and the necessary reforms are urgently needed in the political and social fields.