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乌兰陶勒盖水源地位于毛乌素沙漠腹地,地表水体不发育,植被生态相对脆弱。水源地大规模开采引发的地下水位下降将会对区内的植被生态造成一定的破坏。采用样方调查方法,对区内植被生态现状进行了调查,将区内植被分为荒漠、低湿和沙地三种植被类型;对植被覆盖度与地下水位的关系进行了探讨,得出植被生存的最佳水位是1.1～3.0m;运用GIS软件对区内植物现状与地下水位埋深进行了敏感性分区研究。试探性的建立开采条件下的植被生态风险指数,并根据指数值的大小进行风险性分区,结果表明,在选定的开采方案下,高风险区和中风险区的分布面积较小,而低风险区的面积最大,从而说明在乌兰陶勒盖水源地新增地下水开采量11.82万m3/d的情况下,不会对生态植被造成大的影响。
Wulan Tolgoi water source is located in the hinterland of the Mu Us desert, surface water bodies are not developed, the vegetation ecology is relatively fragile. The decline of groundwater table caused by the large-scale exploitation of water sources will cause some damage to the vegetation ecology in the area. Using the method of quadrat investigation, the ecological status quo of vegetation in the area was investigated, and the vegetation in the area was divided into three types of vegetation: desert, low humidity and sandy land. The relationship between vegetation coverage and groundwater level was discussed, and the vegetation survival The optimal water level is 1.1 ~ 3.0m. GIS software was used to study the status quo of plants in the area and the depth of groundwater table. Tentatively establish vegetation ecological risk index under mining conditions and carry out risk zoning according to the value of index value. The results show that the distribution area of high risk area and medium risk area is small under the selected mining scheme, while the low The area of risk zone is the largest, indicating that there will be no significant impact on the ecological vegetation in the case of an additional groundwater exploitation of 118,200 m3 / d in the Wulan Tolgoi water source.