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针对红麻脱胶困难且传统脱胶方法污染严重的问题,提出一种新的脱胶方法,即闪爆-超声波联合脱胶。首先对红麻进行闪爆预处理,进而结合红麻超声波脱胶单因子试验和正交试验,以红麻精干麻纤维残胶率为考核指标,探讨了不同超声波频率、氢氧化钠介质浓度以及超声波处理时间对脱胶效果的影响。结果表明,在闪爆预处理后,采用频率为28 kHz的超声波在氢氧化钠浓度为2%的溶液中处理红麻试样60 min,可以使红麻精干麻纤维残胶率降低到9.72%,细度达到139.45 Nm。闪爆-超声波处理可有效去除红麻胶质成分,提高红麻精干麻的分散性,以利于后续纺织加工。
Aiming at the problem that kenaf degumming is difficult and the traditional degumming method is seriously polluted, a new degumming method is proposed, that is, flash explosion - ultrasonic degumming. First, kenaf flash explosion pretreatment, and then combined with kenaf ultrasonic degumming single factor experiments and orthogonal experiments to kenaf fine dried hemp gum rate as an assessment index to explore different ultrasonic frequency, sodium hydroxide concentration and ultrasound Effect of treatment time on degumming effect. The results showed that after the flash explosion pretreatment, the kenaf hemp can be reduced to 9.72% after the kenaf sample was treated with 28 kHz sodium hydroxide for 60 min by the ultrasonic wave of 28 kHz, , Fineness of 139.45 Nm. Explosion explosion - ultrasonic treatment can effectively remove kenaf jelly ingredients, improve the dispersion of kenaf fine dried hemp, in order to facilitate subsequent textile processing.