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利用4个不同细胞质源的甘蔗亲本配成正反交组合,在对杂种后代进行SSR-PCR真伪鉴别的基础上,对不同组合后代的不同性状进行t检验和差异性比较。结果表明:这7对正反交组合后代的株高、茎径和有效茎数均差异不显著,仅有一对父母本细胞质源相同的正反交组合后代叶绿素含量差异较大;当以细胞质源为Bandjarmasim Hitam的不同亲本作母本时,子代黑穗病发病率较低,为18.8%和18.9%;当以细胞质源为Badila的崖城58-47作母本时,子代黑穗病发病率较高,为28.8%和28.4%。以细胞质源为Black Cheribon的不同亲本作母本时,其后代真杂种率在91.7%~98.8%之间,而以细胞质源为Bandjarmasim Hitam和Kaludia Boothan作母本时,得到真杂种率低于70%的后代群体。说明虽然甘蔗主要农艺性状的细胞核遗传占主导地位,但是不同细胞质源仍在花粉育性和抗病性等方面发挥作用。本文研究了不同细胞质源的甘蔗亲本与甘蔗主要性状遗传表现的相关性,为甘蔗育种利用优异细胞质源以及进一步从分子水平上研究和发掘甘蔗优异细胞质基因奠定基础。
Four parents of sugarcane with different cytoplasmic origins were used for reciprocal crosses. Based on the authenticity of SSR-PCR for the offspring of hybrids, t-test and difference comparison of different traits of different combinations were carried out. The results showed that there was no significant difference in plant height, stem diameter and number of effective stalks between the seven progenies of progenies and reciprocal crosses. Only one pair of parents had the same chlorophyll content in the progenies of the same cytoplasm, When the female parents of different parents of Bandjarmasim Hitam were adopted, the incidence of smut of offspring was lower at 18.8% and 18.9%, respectively. When the female parent of Yacheng 58-47 with cytoplasm source of Badila was the female parent, the offspring smut The incidence was higher at 28.8% and 28.4%. When the cytoplasm of Black Cheribon was used as female parent, the true hybrids of their offspring were between 91.7% and 98.8%. When the cytoplasm source was Bandjarmasim Hitam and Kaludia Boothan, the true hybrids were less than 70 % Offspring groups. This indicated that although the nuclear inheritance of the main agronomic traits of sugarcane dominated, different cytoplasmic sources still play a role in pollen fertility and disease resistance. In this paper, we studied the genetic relationship between sugarcane parents of different cytoplasmic sources and the main characters of sugarcane, and laid the foundation for sugarcane breeding using excellent cytoplasmic resources and further studying and exploring the excellent cytoplasmic genes of sugarcane at the molecular level.