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调解自愿备受质疑,调解程序中不平衡的权力结构和不平等的威胁潜力是其根本原因。调解结构中法官的强势地位和债务人的优势地位来自于结构中规则和资源的不同配置。各方权利博弈、资源利用导致调解过程中债权人单方权利的不断妥协与让步。改变调解结构是克服调解“被自愿”的有效路径,体现为调审分离以克服法官强势的策略性行为,削弱债务人的优势地位,强化债权人对调解程序的构成性意义,从而实现调解程序的真正自愿,提升司法公信力。
Mediation is voluntarily being questioned, and the root cause of the imbalanced power structure and the potential threat of inequality in the mediation process. The strong position of the judge and the superiority of the debtor in the mediation structure come from the different configurations of rules and resources in the structure. The game of the parties’ rights and the utilization of resources lead to the constant compromise and concession of the unilateral rights of the creditors during the mediation process. To change the mediation structure is an effective way to overcome the conciliation “being volunteered ”, which is reflected in the deliberative separation to overcome the judge’s strong strategic behavior, weaken the superior position of the debtor and strengthen the creditor’s constitutional significance to the conciliation proceedings so as to realize the mediation procedure The real voluntary, to enhance the credibility of the judiciary.