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在对萃取技术进行了改进的基础上,以重烷基苯(HAB)为原料,经发烟硫酸磺化、分酸、中和和萃取等步骤,合成了重烷基苯磺酸钠(HABS)表面活性临界剂。利用红外吸收光谱(IR)对HAB和合成的HABS进行了表征,并通过测定HABS的表面张力、泡沫性能和热失重等性能,考察了HABS的热稳定性。结果表明,只用热乙醇萃取的方法简化了以往的萃取步骤,节省原料,操作简单。合成的HABS的临界胶束浓度(cmc)为0.045%,临界胶束浓度下的表面张力(rcm)c为33.423mN/m。在1500r/min下,起始发泡体积为450mL,半衰期为230min。TGA曲线表明,加热到300℃,HABS热失重5.48%。说明这种表面活性剂耐高温性能良好。
Based on the improvement of the extraction technology, heavy alkylbenzene (HABS) was synthesized by the steps of sulfonation, acid-separation, neutralization and extraction of heavy alkylbenzene (HAB) Surfactant Critical Surfactant. The HABS and the synthesized HABS were characterized by infrared absorption spectroscopy (IR). The thermal stability of HABS was investigated by measuring the surface tension, foam properties and thermal weight loss of HABS. The results show that the only hot ethanol extraction method to simplify the previous extraction steps to save raw materials, simple operation. The critical micelle concentration (cmc) of the synthesized HABS was 0.045%, and the surface tension (rcm) c at the critical micelle concentration was 33.423 mN / m. At 1500 r / min, the initial foaming volume was 450 mL and the half-life was 230 min. The TGA curve shows that the thermal weight loss of HABS is 5.48% when heated to 300 ℃. This shows that the surfactant high temperature performance is good.