通过钨球对薄装甲钢板垂直侵彻试验，发现在极限穿透条件下靶板的破坏模式为开坑和冲塞，且钨球变形程度较大。运用能量守恒原理，建立了极限穿透速度与钨球变形关系式，对钨球在侵彻过程中作刚性假设引起的极限穿透速度计算误差进行了估算，并对侵彻过程中开坑耗能与冲塞耗能也进行了估算。结果表明，开坑耗能与冲塞耗能比值并非常量，而随靶板相对厚度变化。 Through the vertical penetration test of thin armor plate by tungsten ball, it is found that the damage mode of the target plate under open penetration is open pit and plugging, and the deformation of tungsten ball is larger. Based on the principle of energy conservation, the relationship between the ultimate penetration velocity and the deformation of tungsten balls was established. The calculation error of the ultimate penetration velocity caused by the rigid assumption during the penetration of tungsten balls was estimated. Energy consumption can also be estimated with the plug. The results show that the ratio of open pit energy consumption to plugged energy consumption is not constant, but varies with the relative thickness of the target.