《突发事件应对法》将县级政府确定为应急管理的权责重心,并规定了上级政府扩大响应的机制作为补充,但“重心下移”原则在实践中贯彻不力。为了理顺应急管理中的纵向府际关系,在大城市的主城区,应急管理的权责重心应当确定为城市城府而非县级政府。无论由哪一级政府承担突发事件应对的主要职责,都应当保证权力与职责相匹配,避免权责倒挂。应当进一步规定上级政府扩大响应的条件和程序,防止其过度包办下级政府的应急职能;同时赋予下级政府以先期处置职责,形成有利于调动其积极性的激励机制。 The Emergency Response Law identified the county government as the center of gravity of emergency management and stipulated that the higher level government should expand the response mechanism as a supplement, but the principle of “shifting the center of gravity” was not implemented in practice. In order to rationalize the vertical inter-governmental relations in emergency management, in the main urban areas of big cities, the center of gravity of emergency management should be determined as city city government rather than county government. No matter which level of government undertakes the main responsibility of response to emergencies, it should ensure that the power and responsibility are matched and the rights and liabilities reversed. It should further stipulate the conditions and procedures for higher level governments to expand their response so as to prevent them from over-arranging the emergency functions of lower-level governments and at the same time give the lower level governments the opportunity to dispose of them at an early stage and form an incentive mechanism conducive to mobilizing their enthusiasm.