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目的探讨糖尿病(DM)家族史(FHD)对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)孕妇的影响。方法回顾性分析902例GDM孕妇的临床资料。其中,无FHD者798例(A组),有FHD者104例(B组)。结果B组患者孕前体重指数(BMI)≥24kg/m2、妊娠期高血压及子痫前期发生率高于A组(10.6%vs.5.0%、29.8%vs.17.3%)(P<0.05)。B组早产儿的发生率高于A组(7.7%vs.2.5%)(P<0.05)。产后随访90d,B组婴儿体重高于A组[(7.14±0.53)kg vs.(7.02±0.61)kg](P<0.05)。结论对有FHD的孕妇需要格外重视早孕期,即应建立合理的饮食及良好的生活习惯,严格控制体重和孕期血糖,从胚胎时期减少孕妇高血糖对胎儿的危害。
Objective To investigate the influence of family history of diabetes mellitus (DM) on pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods The clinical data of 902 pregnant women with GDM were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 798 cases without FHD (group A) and 104 cases with FHD (group B). Results The body mass index (BMI) ≥24kg / m2, the incidence of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia in group B were significantly higher than those in group A (10.6% vs.5.0%, 29.8% vs.17.3%, P <0.05). The incidence of premature infants in group B was higher than that in group A (7.7% vs 2.5%) (P <0.05). After 90 days of follow-up, the body weight of infants in group B was significantly higher than that in group A [(7.14 ± 0.53) kg vs. (7.02 ± 0.61) kg] (P <0.05). Conclusion Pregnant women with FHD need to pay special attention to the first trimester, that is to establish a reasonable diet and good habits, strict control of body weight and blood glucose during pregnancy, reducing the risk of fetal hyperglycemia in pregnant women from embryonic period.