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研究了基于3×3耦合器的非平衡迈克耳孙干涉仪的相位特性。由光纤耦合器的散射矩阵理论,推导出了当3×3耦合器分光比不均匀时,干涉仪三路输出信号相位差的表达式。根据实际使用的3×3耦合器各通道的插入损耗,经计算与修正得到其散射矩阵,并求出干涉仪三路输出信号的相位差分别为120.21°、120.77°和119.02°,与理想值120°的偏差在1°以内。实验测得的干涉仪三路输出信号的相位差随时间随机变化,经分析是由光偏振态随机变化引起的。相位差与理想值120°的偏离均在1°以内,符合理论分析得到的结论。
The phase characteristics of a non-equilibrium Michelson interferometer based on a 3 × 3 coupler are studied. According to the scattering matrix theory of fiber coupler, the expression of the phase difference of the three output signals of the interferometer is deduced when the splitting ratio of the 3 × 3 coupler is not uniform. According to the actual insertion loss of the 3 × 3 coupler, the scattering matrix of the 3 × 3 coupler is calculated and corrected. The phase differences of the three output signals of the interferometer are 120.21 °, 120.77 ° and 119.02 °, respectively. Compared with the ideal value 120 ° deviation within 1 °. The phase difference of the three output signals measured by the experiment randomly varies with time, which is caused by the random change of light polarization. The deviations of the phase difference from the ideal value of 120 ° are all within 1 °, which is in line with the conclusion of theoretical analysis.