采用SEM、DSC测试等手段研究了2E12合金铸锭的均匀化处理工艺以及微观组织在均匀化过程中的演变规律。结果表明:合金铸锭的晶界处连续分布着粗大的α+θ+S共晶组织,主要合金元素存在不同程度的偏聚。其中,Cu元素偏聚最为严重,而Mn元素偏聚程度较为轻微。在490~500℃均匀化时,合金粗大相的溶解速率对温度十分敏感,随着温度的升高粗大相的溶解速率迅速增加。当均匀化温度达到495℃以上时,合金容易出现过烧现象。采用485℃/24 h+495℃/8 h的双级均匀化处理制度,合金粗大相的溶解效率较高且不存在过烧迹象。 The homogenization process and microstructure evolution of 2E12 alloy ingot during homogenization were studied by means of SEM and DSC. The results show that the coarse α + θ + S eutectic structure is continuously distributed on the grain boundaries of alloy ingot, and the segregation of main alloying elements is different. Among them, the most serious segregation of Cu elements, and the degree of partial segregation of Mn is relatively minor. At 490-500 ℃, the dissolution rate of the coarse phase of the alloy is very sensitive to temperature, and the dissolution rate of the coarse phase increases rapidly with the increase of temperature. When the homogenization temperature reaches above 495 ℃, the alloy is prone to over-burning phenomenon. Adopting the double-stage homogenization treatment at 485 ℃ / 24 h + 495 ℃ / 8 h, the dissolution efficiency of the coarse phase of the alloy is high and there is no over-burning sign.