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采用原子吸收光谱法对上海市区165名无职业铅接触史产妇的血铅、脐血铅、乳汁铅(119份)、胎盘组织铅(153份)样品进行测定,其均值分别为0.68±0.33μmol/L(14.13±16.79μg/dl)、0.40±0.23μmol/L(8.27±4.87μg/dl)、5.63±4.39ppb、1.14±1.10μmol/kg(23.73±22.85μg/100g)[中位数为0.63(13.2)、0.33(6.90)、4.74、0.86(17.85)]。产妇年龄对母血铅、脐血铅、乳汁铅和胎盘组织铅无显著影响。脐血铅、乳汁铅随母血铅增高而上升,其相关系数分别为0.714(P<0.0001)和0.353(P<0.01)。12名铅作业产妇平均年龄24岁,工龄1.9年,其乳汁铅几何均值为52.68ppb,显著高于非职业接触人群的4.43ppb(P<0.01),两者相差约12倍,提示对乳儿健康可能构成威胁。本文在国内首次报告了正常产妇的血铅、乳汁铅、脐血铅以及胎盘组织铅的参考值。
The blood lead, umbilical cord blood lead, milk lead (119) and placental lead (153) samples from 165 untreated lead-exposed males in Shanghai were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry, with mean values of 0.68 ± 0.33 (14.13 ± 16.79μg / dl), 0.40 ± 0.23μmol / L (8.27 ± 4.87μg / dl), 5.63 ± 4.39ppb, 1.14 ± 1.10μmol / kg (23.73 ± 22.85μg / 100g) 0.63 (13.2), 0.33 (6.90), 4.74, 0.86 (17.85)]. Maternal age had no significant effect on lead in maternal blood, lead in umbilical cord, lead in milk, and lead in placenta. Cord blood lead and milk lead increased with the increase of blood lead, the correlation coefficients were 0.714 (P <0.0001) and 0.353 (P <0.01) respectively. The average age of lead-exposed mothers was 24.6 years old and the service life was 1.9 years. The geometric mean of milk lead was 52.68 ppb, which was significantly higher than that of non-occupational exposure groups (4.43 ppb, P <0.01) May pose a threat. In this paper, the first report of the normal maternal blood lead, milk lead, cord blood lead and placental lead reference value.