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研究了两航天器协同轨道机动(双主动)完成近距离交会任务的最优控制问题。在考虑航天器姿态变化、对接口位置及路径约束的情况下,构建了完整的6自由度、26状态的双主动最优交会数学模型。利用高斯伪谱法分别将燃料总消耗最少和交会时间最短两种最优问题离散为大型非线性规划问题,而后应用SNOPT软件包进行了求解。在此基础上通过大量数值计算分析总结了不同初始参数对最小燃料消耗和最短交会时间的影响规律,并与主被动交会形式进行了对比。结果表明,当两航天器质量接近时,双主动交会通常可明显减少燃料消耗,或缩短交会时间;而当质量差距较大时,双主动最优交会逐渐退化为主被动最优交会。
The optimal control of two spacecraft coordinated orbital maneuver (bivariate) to complete the close-range maneuver task is studied. Considering spacecraft attitude change, interface location and path constraints, a complete 6-DOF, 26-state bi-active optimal intersection mathematical model is constructed. Using Gaussian pseudospectral method, the two optimal problems of least fuel consumption and shortest meeting time are discretized into large-scale nonlinear programming problems, and then solved with SNOPT software package. On the basis of this, the influences of different initial parameters on the minimum fuel consumption and the shortest meeting time are summarized and analyzed through a large number of numerical calculations, and compared with the passive and passive forms. The results show that, when the mass of two spacecraft is close to each other, the double-initiative rendezvous can usually reduce the fuel consumption or shorten the rendezvous time normally. When the mass difference is large, the dual-initiative rendezvous gradually degenerates into the main and passive rendezvous.