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本文采用拉格朗日积分方法,在考虑海底管线溢出原油乳化问题的情况下,引入了卷吸影响和溢出原油在水中的扩散以及溶解,建立了能够反映海底输油管线溢油问题的动态模型。本模型既可以对分层以及不分层条件下管道溢出原油的运动情况进行动态研究,又能够在海水流速不同的情况下,对原油的运动轨迹进行模拟。将建立的模型应用于渤海地区后发现,在改变渤海地区的弗汝德数、分层数、海底输油管线溢油初始速度与海水流动速度之间比值的情况下,分析输油管线溢出原油的流动轨迹以及浓度范围,认为在弗汝德数和油水流速比一定,只改变蠕孔尺寸的条件下,海底管线溢出原油的溶解量以及乳化量均较少,运动轨迹的变化量也较小。将模型的预测结果与实际测量结果进行对比后发现,该模型具有很高的准确性及可靠性,可以反映海底输油管线发生泄漏时原油的扩散和上升情况。
In this paper, Lagrangian integral method is adopted to consider the influence of entrainment on the diffusion and dissolution of spilled oil in water under the circumstance of oil spilling on submarine pipeline. A dynamic model that can reflect the oil spill problem of subsea pipeline is established. The model can not only dynamically analyze the movement of crude oil spilled by pipeline under stratified and non-stratified conditions, but also simulate the trajectory of crude oil under different seawater velocities. The model was applied to the Bohai Sea region and found that under the circumstance of changing the Froude number and number of stratification in the Bohai Sea region and the ratio of the initial oil spill speed to the seawater flow rate in the seabed, Trajectory and concentration range. It is considered that under the conditions of constant Froude number and oil-water flow rate, only the amount of dissolved oil and the amount of emulsified oil overflowed from the seabed pipeline is small, and the change of the trajectory is also small. Comparing the predicted result with the actual measured result, it is found that the model has high accuracy and reliability, which can reflect the spread and rise of crude oil in the case of leakage on the seabed pipeline.