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采用野外调查及室内试验相结合的方法,就退耕地土壤理化性质及酶活性特征进行了研究。结果表明:(1)土壤各粒级含量均表现为粉黏粒>物理性黏粒>黏粒,其中枇杷园三种粒级含量均高于其它退耕地。(2)土壤有机质的含量表现为杉树人工林>桉树人工林>枇杷园>茶园>撂荒地;土壤阳离子交换量表现为桉树人工林>枇杷园>茶园>撂荒地>杉树人工林,且不同退耕地间差异不显著;全氮含量表现为撂荒地>枇杷园>茶园≥桉树人工林>杉树人工林;全磷含量表现为杉树人工林>茶园>撂荒地>枇杷园>桉树人工林;土壤全钾含量表现为枇杷园>桉树人工林>茶园>撂荒地>杉木人工林。(3)过氧化氢酶活性表现为杉树人工林>撂荒地>枇杷园>茶园>桉树人工林;撂荒地和枇杷园脲酶的活性较高,撂荒地和枇杷园的差异达极显著水平;撂荒地碱性磷酸酶的活性最高,茶园碱性磷酸酶的活性最低;酸性磷酸酶的活性表现为杉树人工林>桉树人工林>枇杷园>撂荒地>茶园。(4)土壤质量综合指数的变化趋势表现为杉木人工林>桉树人工林>茶园>枇杷园>撂荒地。
Soil physical and chemical properties and enzyme activity characteristics were studied using field survey and laboratory experiments. The results showed as follows: (1) The content of soil fractions showed powdery clay> physical clay> clay, of which the content of three kinds of loquat garden were higher than those of other land. (2) The content of soil organic matter showed as: Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation> Eucalyptus plantation> loquat garden> tea plantation> fallow land; the amount of soil cation exchange showed Eucalyptus plantation> loquat garden> tea plantation> abandoned land> There was no significant difference among different land reclamation areas. The total nitrogen content showed as fallow land> loquat garden> tea garden> eucalyptus plantation> cunninghamia lanceolata plantation; total phosphorus content was cunninghamia lanceolata plantation> tea plantation> fallow land> loquat garden> eucalyptus plantation Forest; total potassium content in soil showed loquat garden> eucalyptus plantation> tea plantation> abandoned land> Chinese fir plantation. (3) The activity of catalase in cunninghamia lanceolata plantation> wasteland> loquat garden> tea plantation> eucalyptus plantation; the activity of urease in fallow land and loquat garden was higher, the difference between fallow land and loquat orchard was extremely significant; The activity of alkaline phosphatase in tea plantation was the lowest, while the activity of acid phosphatase was in the plantation of cunninghamia lanceolata> eucalyptus plantation> loquat orchard> wasteland> tea plantation. (4) The trend of soil quality index showed that: Chinese fir plantation> Eucalyptus plantation> tea plantation> loquat orchard> wasteland.