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近几年,日本以散工派遣为代表的派遣劳动非常引人注目。其背景是,从20世纪90年代开始的放松管制政策以及非正规就业的增加从根本上改变了劳动力市场的结构,同时,手机和电脑网络的迅速普及助长了这一趋势。日本的散工劳动有着悠久的历史。被称为“散工劳动者之城”的大阪,从第二次世界大战前就开始拥有当时最大的散工劳动力市场。但是,当时大阪的散工劳动者只能被认为是旧式的。目前,新式的散工劳动者一直在稳步增加。理解从旧式散工劳动者向新式散工劳动者转变的本质是非常有必要的。本文将集中分析大阪的旧式散工劳动者老龄化的问题。这些散工劳动者在寻找工作和收入保障方面面临着诸多困难。他们经常面临无家可归的风险,而需要依靠政府的公共救助。对旧式散工劳动者的综合分析就有利于新旧散工劳动者的比较分析。并且,由于韩国和中国的散工劳动者也在迅速增加,增进对散工劳动者状况的了解对韩国和日本也有积极意义。
In recent years, dispatching Japan's work as a casualty dispatch has drawn great attention. The background is that the deregulation policies that began in the 1990s and the increase in informal employment have fundamentally changed the structure of the labor market and have been fueled by the rapid popularization of mobile phones and computer networks. Japan's casual labor has a long history. Osaka, known as the “city of casual laborers,” began the largest casual labor market before World War II. However, the casual workers in Osaka at the time were only considered to be old-fashioned. At present, the new casual workers have been steadily increasing. It is necessary to understand the nature of the transition from the old casual laborer to the new casual laborer. This article will focus on analyzing the aging of old casual workers in Osaka. These casual workers face many difficulties in finding jobs and income security. They often face the risk of homelessness and need to rely on public assistance from the government. The comprehensive analysis of the old casual laborers is conducive to the comparative analysis of old and new laborers. And, as the number of unskilled laborers in South Korea and China is also rapidly increasing, it is also of positive significance for South Korea and Japan to increase their understanding of the situation of laborer workers.