白血病治疗方法的进展大大改进了病人的预后，但大剂量化疗却增加了病人对条件致病菌的易感性。作者报道一例孔氏甲基杆菌引起免疫抑制病人菌血症和发热，并对该菌进行了分离培养和鉴定。病例报道患者男，60岁，临床诊断为急性髓性白血病伴粒细胞缺乏症，行化疗5个月，化疗后患 Advances in the treatment of leukemia have greatly improved the patient’s prognosis, but high-dose chemotherapy has increased the patient’s susceptibility to opportunistic pathogens. The authors report a case of methicillin-induced immunosuppression in patients with bacteremia and fever, and the bacteria were isolated and identified. Case report Male patient, 60 years old, clinical diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia with agranulocytosis, chemotherapy for 5 months, after chemotherapy