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为提升企业安全管理水平、控制生产中员工不安全行为,需研究员工不安全行为的涌现程度和趋势。在探讨了员工不安全行为作为复杂系统一种涌现现象的基础上,将复杂性科学的涌现理论和CGP建模方法应用到员工不安全行为的管理中。先分析影响员工不安全行为涌现的因素,构建员工不安全行为涌现模型;再利用Netlogo仿真平台,动态模拟管理者、员工、组织、环境各因素对员工不安全行为涌现程度和趋势的影响。通过改变环境氛围、领导意识和员工素质等因素,对模型进行了基准模式和分析模式下的对比仿真。结果表明:员工不安全行为是多种因素影响下的一种涌现现象;不同因素对员工不安全行为涌现的影响大小存在差异。管理者的安全管理能力、员工的安全意识、工作环境、组织安全理念均会直接或间接影响员工不安全行为涌现的程度和趋势。在安全管理的实施过程中,企业可以通过制定有针对性的策略来控制和调节各种因素,以降低员工不安全行为的涌现程度,提高安全管理水平。
In order to improve the level of enterprise safety management and control the unsafe behavior of employees in production, it is necessary to study the emergence and trend of employee unsafe behavior. Based on the discussion of the emergence of employee unsafe behavior as a complex system, the theory of complexity science and CGP modeling method are applied to the management of employee unsafe behavior. Firstly, it analyzes the factors that affect the emergence of unsafe behavior and constructs a model of unsafe behavior of employees. Then it uses Netlogo simulation platform to dynamically simulate the impact of managers, employees, organizations and environment factors on the emergence and trend of unsafe behaviors among employees. By changing the environment, leadership awareness and staff quality and other factors, the model under the benchmark model and analysis of the simulation model. The results show that the unsafe behavior of employees is a kind of emergent phenomenon under the influence of many factors; the influence of different factors on the occurrence of unsafe behaviors of employees is different. Managerial safety management skills, employee safety awareness, work environment, organizational safety philosophy will directly or indirectly affect the extent and trends of employee unsafe behavior. In the process of implementing safety management, enterprises can set up targeted strategies to control and adjust various factors to reduce the emergence of employee unsafe behavior and improve the level of safety management.