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中国古代的海外贸易管理专职官员始设于何时?对此问题,中外学者往往以公元八世纪店王朝在广州设立市舶使之举应答之.其实,中国古代海外贸易管理专职官员的创设时间似应进一步前溯至公元三世纪以前,当时的汉王朝已在其主要海外贸易港之一——合浦郡徐闻县(今广东省湛江市徐闻县)设置了候官,该职很可能即为见于史载的我国最早海外贸易管理专职官员.关于汉代在徐闻设置候官的文字记载,见于唐人李吉甫所著《元和郡县图志》,原文已佚,幸南宋王象之《舆地纪胜》有二段引文,保存了这一史料.全文如下:“徐闻县,本汉旧县也,属合浦郡.其县与南崖州澄迈县对岸,相去约一百里.
At this time, Chinese and foreign scholars often responded to the question of setting up a municipal government in Guangzhou in the eighteenth century AD In fact, the creation time of a professional official in charge of overseas overseas trade management in ancient China It seems likely that the Han dynasty at that time had set up a waiting official in Xuwen County, Hepu County (now Xuwen County, Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province), one of its major overseas ports of commerce, probably up to the third century Found in the history of China’s earliest official of overseas trade management officials on the Han Dynasty set Xuwen official records in Xuwen, found in the Tang Dynasty Li Jifu’s ”Yuanhe county map“, the original has been lost, Fortunately Southern Song Dynasty ” There are two paragraphs of citations, save this historical data. The full text is as follows: Xuwen County, the old county also, is Hepu County .County and the South Cliff, Chengmai County, about a hundred miles away.