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目的了解遵义地区农村初中生自杀计划及其影响因素,为采取学校开展自杀干预措施提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样法,在遵义地区3个县分别抽取2所农村中学共5 608名农村初中生进行问卷调查。结果初中生的自杀计划报告率为4.6%;女生为6.44%,男生为2.76%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=43.441,P<0.05);单亲家庭学生的自杀计划报告率为7.86%,非单亲家庭学生为4.25%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.083,P<0.05);少数民族学生自杀计划报告率为7.28%,汉族学生为4.37%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.706,P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,影响自杀计划的相关因素有女生、少数民族、单亲家庭、学习压力、人际压力和其他压力(P值均<0.05);与心理弹性因子无相关。结论初中生问题行为中的自杀计划报告率较高,其危险因素有女生、少数民族、单亲家庭及负性生活事件。应针对其危险因素采取有效干预措施,预防初中生自杀行为的发生。
Objective To understand the junior middle school students’ suicide plan and its influencing factors in Zunyi, and to provide the basis for adopting suicide intervention measures in schools. Methods Stratified random sampling method was used to survey 5 608 rural middle school students from 2 rural secondary schools in 3 counties of Zunyi. Results The reported rate of junior high school students was 4.6%, 6.44% for girls and 2.76% for boys, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 43.441, P <0.05). The single-parent family reported suicide rate of 7.86% The percentage of single-parent families was 4.25% (χ2 = 13.083, P <0.05). The reported rate of ethnic minorities suicide plan was 7.28% and Han nationality was 4.37%, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 6.706, P <0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the related factors affecting suicide plan were girls, minorities, single-parent families, study stress, interpersonal stress and other stress (all P <0.05), but no correlation with psycho-elastic factors. Conclusions There is a high report rate of junior high school students’ behavioral problems in suicide plan. The risk factors are female students, minorities, single-parent families and negative life events. Should take effective interventions for their risk factors to prevent junior high school students suicidal behavior.