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青光眼是一种常见的、不可逆的致盲眼病,通过药物、激光和手术控制眼压是治疗青光眼的基本方法.选择性激光小梁成形术(SLT)是利用532 nm波长激光选择性作用于含有色素的小梁网内皮细胞发挥作用,对邻近的组织细胞没有损伤,其发挥降眼压作用的机制尚不明确.SLT已经逐渐成为治疗原发性开角型青光眼(POAG)首选的治疗方法之一.临床研究表明,SLT具有与氩激光小梁成形术或前列腺素类药物相似的降眼压效果.术后1年SLT治疗开角型青光眼的降眼压幅度平均为3.8 ～8.0 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa).SLT治疗开角型青光眼的长期效果有待进一步研究.SLT治疗的范围与治疗效果的关系尚无公认的结果.SLT作为一种治疗开角型青光眼的方法具有安全有效、可重复、不良反应少等优点,可以作为开角型青光眼的初始治疗、药物替代治疗和药物联合治疗.本文就SLT作为POAG的初始治疗、重复治疗及影响治疗效果的因素等进行综述.“,”Glaucoma is an irreversible blinding disease.The aim of glaucoma therapy is to lower the intraocular pressure (IOP),and then slow down glaucoma progression.Currently,this goal can be achieved by medication,laser treatment and surgery.Selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) involves using a 532 nm wave length Nd:YAG laser selectively target cells of the trabecular meshwork without causing thermal or collateral damage to the surroundings structures.The exact mechanism by which SLT lowers IOP remains unknown.It has become gradually one of the most preferred methods for the treatment of open angle glaucoma.SLT seems to have a similar IOP lowering effect with argon trabeculoplasty or monotherapy of topical prostaglandin medication.Mean IOP reduction after SLT was 3.8-8.0 mmHg in 6 months to 1 year.The long-term effect of SLT in the treatment of open angle glaucoma remains to be further studied.The relationship between the range of SLT treatment and its therapeutic effect has not been recognized.SLT is efficacious and safe,also has repeatable and less adverse effects.It can be used as an efficacious primary,adjunctive and replacement therapy for treating open angle glaucoma.In this paper,we reviewed the effects of SLT as an initial and repeat treatment,also the factors that could affect therapeutic effects.